Hypertension - Blood Pressure

GLOBAL BURDEN OF HYPERTENSION

Based on an analysis of data from 135 population-based studies that included 968,419 adults from 90 countries, we estimated that in 2010 the global age-standardized prevalence of hypertension (defined as systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg, and/or current use of antihypertensive medication) was 31.1% (95% CI 30.0–32.2%).

Estimates suggest that in 2010, 31.1% of adults (1.39 billion) worldwide had hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension among adults was higher in LMICs (31.5%, 1.04 billion people) than in high-income countries (HICs; 28.5%, 349 million people). Variations in the levels of risk factors for hypertension, such as high sodium intake, low potassium intake, obesity, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet, may explain some of the regional heterogeneity in hypertension prevalence

In 2017, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines redefined hypertension in adults as systolic BP ≥130 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥80 mmHg. This change was based on findings from a number of large-scale, prospective observational studies that reported significant increases in risk of CVD with increasing BP even from levels as low as systolic BP 115 mmHg, as well as the results of randomized clinical trials including the SPRINT trial (discussed further below) that showed that intensive BP lowering (target systolic BP <120 mmHg) reduces CVD and all-cause mortality to an even greater extent than does standard BP lowering (target systolic BP ≤140 mmHg). When the new definition was applied to the US general population, hypertension prevalence increased from 32.0% (based on the traditional criteria) to 45.4% (Table 2).19,20 In the Chinese general population, the increase was even greater from 23.2% to 46.4%.19,20 These findings suggest that if the new criteria were applied worldwide, the difference in hypertension prevalence between LMICs and HICs would be much greater than previously reported.3 Full implementation of the new guidelines would require a greater proportion of adults to be treated with antihypertensive medications but could prevent an estimated 610,000 CVD events and 334,000 deaths per year in the US alone.19

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7998524/

WHO on Hypertension 

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension

Cilnidipine and Telmisartan Similarly Improves Vascular Damage in Hypertensive Patients

Yuki Kaneshiro, Atsuhiro Ichihara, M.D., Ph.D., FAHA, Mariyo Sakoda, ...

First Published January 1, 2007 Research Article

https://doi.org/10.4137/CMC.S353

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.4137/CMC.S353

Ud. 30.5.2023

Pub. 12.6.2021