Jet Lag - Sciences and Ideas to Prevent or Minimize It.

The Scientific Secrets to Preventing Jet Lag
BY MELISSA LOCKER SEPTEMBER 18, 2018
http://time.com/5392876/science-cure-prevent-jet-lag/

Heart and Heart Diseases Related Research & Development

Coronary artery dimensions in normal Indians.
Raut BK, Patil VN, Cherian G.
Indian Heart J. 2017 Jul - Aug;69(4):512-514

This study showed the diameter of vessels in males and females when taken together the left main was larger in size followed by proximal LAD, proximal RCA & proximal LCX respectively (4.08±0.44mm, 3.27±0.23mm, 3.20±0.37mm, 2.97±0.37mm).When the vessel diameter was indexed to body surface area there was no statistical difference between male and female (p value>0.05). The computed value of proximal coronary artery diameter unadjusted for individual body surface area, when compared to Caucasians showed that Caucasians have larger coronary artery dimensions than Indians. But when the proximal vessel diameter was indexed to body surface area there was no statistical significant difference between Indians and Caucasians (p value>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:
We found that coronary artery size when indexed to body surface area is not statistically different in Indian males and females and compared to Caucasians. However with a smaller body habitus Indians have smaller coronary arteries.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28822520



Echocardiographic visualization of coronary artery anatomy in the adult
Pamela S. Douglas, John Fiolkoski, Barbara Berko and Nathaniel Reichek
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Volume 11, Issue 3, March 1988

In the light of technologic advances and the development of new imaging planes, the feasibility of two-dimensional echocardiographic visualization of coronary artery anatomy was reevaluated in the adult. Thirty-five subjects were studied using an ultrasonograph equipped with a 3.5 and 5.0 MHz annular array transducer, digital processing and cine loop review.

The left main coronary artery was seen in 30 (86%) of the 35 subjects and its bifurcation was seen in 15. The left anterior descending coronary artery was seen in 30 subjects (mean length 3.9 ± 2.3 cm, maximal length 7.5), the left circumflex artery in 11 (1.1 ± 1.0, maximal 3.0) and the right coronary artery in 32 (5.6 ± 2.6, maximal 12). Proximal and mid portions of the left anterior descending artery were seen in 23 and 11 subjects, respectively. The average proximal length visualized was 4.2 cm, and the average luminal diameter visualized was 4.9 mm. The average length of the mid left anterior descending coronary artery seen was 1.9 cm and the average luminal diameter seen was 4.6 mm. The proximal right coronary artery was seen in 17 subjects (average visualized length 2.7 cm and average diameter 3.1 mm). Portions of the mid right coronary artery were seen in 24 subjects (average length 3.6 cm and average diameter 3.1 mm). An average of 2.9 cm of the distal right coronary artery was seen in 18 subjects (average diameter 2.7 mm). Septal or diagonal branches were seen in 11 (31%) of the 35 subjects, a marginal branch in 1, the coronary sinus in all and smaller veins in 3. Coronary artery lesions were correctly identified in four of five subjects (two in the left anterior descending, one in the left main and one in the right coronary artery), but these were obscured in one subject by a calcified aortic valve.

Improved instrumentation combined with new imaging techniques permits extensive visualization of the adult coronary vasculature. The clinical utility of this technique for the noninvasive evaluation of coronary artery disease remains to be determined.

http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/11/3/565

Particles in Blood and Their Sizes

When push comes to shove: Size matters for particles in our bloodstream
Research on the movement patterns of particles in the blood
by Colin Poitras, University of Connecticut - Anson Ma, an assistant professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at UConn, used a microfluidic channel device to observe, track, and measure how individual particles behaved in a simulated blood vessel.
OCTOBER 5, 2016
https://phys.org/news/2016-10-shove-size-particles-bloodstream.html



Lipoproteins: When size really matters
J. Bruce German,a,b,* Jennifer T. Smilowitz,a and Angela M. Zivkovica
Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci. 2006 Jun; 11(2-3): 171–183.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2893739/


Introduction to Lipids and Lipoproteins
Kenneth R Feingold, MD and Carl Grunfeld, MD, PhD.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305896/

List of human blood components
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_blood_components